Which of the following is not listed as a risk factor for coronary heart disease?

• A. Regular physical activity
• B. High blood pressure
• C. Smoking
• D. Stress

Answer: (A)

Regular physical activity is a protective behavior for heart health. It helps lower blood pressure, improves the lipid profile (increasing good cholesterol and reducing triglycerides), enhances insulin sensitivity, aids in weight control, and reduces inflammation in blood vessels. These effects combine to lower the risk of atherosclerosis and heart strain, so it is not a risk factor for coronary heart disease. In contrast, high blood pressure directly damages arterial walls and accelerates plaque buildup; smoking exposes the arteries to toxins that promote atherosclerosis and clot formation; and stress is linked to behaviors and physiological responses that can raise heart disease risk. So, among these options, regular physical activity stands out as protective rather than a risk factor.